{"id":1018,"date":"2020-10-22T14:36:34","date_gmt":"2020-10-22T14:36:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/sotranslations.com\/?p=1018"},"modified":"2020-10-22T14:36:34","modified_gmt":"2020-10-22T14:36:34","slug":"ceviri-sirasinda-beynimizde-neler-oluyor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/sotranslations.com\/en\/ceviri-sirasinda-beynimizde-neler-oluyor.html","title":{"rendered":"\u00c7eviri S\u0131ras\u0131nda Beynimizde Neler Oluyor"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Teknolojinin hayat\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olman\u0131n \u00f6tesinde hayat\u0131n temel yap\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131 olmaya y\u00f6neldi\u011fi g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde, \u00e7eviri eylemi hala en geli\u015fmi\u015f makineler ve bilgisayarlar taraf\u0131ndan, \u00e7eviri do\u011fas\u0131n\u0131n gerektirdi\u011fi kusursuzlukla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilemiyor. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla i\u015f yine b\u00fcy\u00fck bir rahatl\u0131kla \u00e7eviri yapan \u00e7evirmenlere kal\u0131yor. Kimine g\u00f6re hayret verici kimine g\u00f6re s\u0131radan olan bu fenomende, en b\u00fcy\u00fck gereksinim \u00f6ncelikle denemeden yorum yapmamak konusunda hemfikir olabilmek. Sonras\u0131nda neden \u00e7ok say\u0131da insan yeri geldi\u011finde dil ge\u00e7i\u015fi yapabiliyorken, bu say\u0131 zorlanmadan \u00e7eviri yapabilenlere geldi\u011finde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor sorusuna cevap aramak ayd\u0131nlat\u0131c\u0131 olabilir.<\/p>\n<p>Bilimsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, gerek dil ediminde ve dil ge\u00e7i\u015flerinde beyinde aktif olan noktalarla \u00e7eviri s\u0131ras\u0131nda beyinde aktif olan noktalar\u0131n ayn\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. Dahas\u0131 ileti\u015fimle ilgili bir\u00e7ok ba\u015fka nokta da pasif konuma ge\u00e7mektedir.<\/p>\n<p>Bir\u00e7o\u011fumuzun tahminlerinin aksine, \u00e7eviri s\u0131ras\u0131nda beyin aktivitesi incelendi\u011finde, dikkati \u00e7eken en belirgin b\u00f6lgeler asl\u0131nda ileti\u015fimle ilgili de\u011fil. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00e7eviri asl\u0131nda duyumsal, motor ve bili\u015fsel becerilerin bir arada i\u015fledi\u011fi ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n sonucudur. Ve \u00e7eviri eyleminin temelinde karar verme s\u00fcreci dikkat \u00e7eker. Belki de bu y\u00fczden, bilimadamlar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya nereden ba\u015flayacaklar\u0131n\u0131 kara kara d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrken, dikkatlerini ilk \u00e7eken kaudat \u00e7ekirdek (caudate nucleus) olmu\u015ftu. Kaudat \u00e7ekirdek, \u00f6ncelikli olarak dil ya da ileti\u015fimle ilgili bir b\u00f6lge de\u011fil, daha ziyade karar alma ve g\u00fcven gibi s\u00fcre\u00e7lerde rol oynuyor.<\/p>\n<p>Beynimizde bir orkestra \u015fefi gibi hareket eden\u00a0kaudat \u00e7ekirdek, beynin di\u011fer b\u00f6lgeleri aras\u0131nda koordinasyonu sa\u011flayarak, hayret verici derecede kompleks davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmemize olanak sa\u011fl\u0131yor. Belki de bu y\u00fczden \u00e7eviri becerilerinin temeli beynin \u00f6zel g\u00f6revleri \u00fcstlenen belirli noktalar\u0131n\u0131n aktif kullan\u0131m\u0131ndan ziyade, duyma, konu\u015fma ve hareket gibi en genel g\u00f6revlerin ve becerilerin koordineli kullan\u0131m\u0131nda yatmaktad\u0131r. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 beynin karar alma mekanizmalar\u0131n\u0131 aktive etmesiyle ba\u015flar, anlam \u00fcretme s\u00fcrecinin sonucu olarak ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7oklu kararlar\u0131n tek bir sessel kelimede hemfikir olmas\u0131yla son bulur.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"..\/..\/sites\/default\/files\/indir_11.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/>Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te \u00f6ncellikle bir \u015feyin &#8220;ne&#8221; oldu\u011funu belirleyen &#8220;\u00f6n lob&#8221;, bir \u015feyin fiziksel konumunu belirleyen ve haritaland\u0131ran &#8220;parietal, ve &#8220;limbik korteks&#8221; gibi \u00fc\u00e7 temel b\u00f6lgenin koordine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131ndan faydalan\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, \u00f6rne\u011fin \u0130ngilizce bir c\u00fcmlede &#8220;kol&#8221; kelimesini\u00a0 duyan beyin,\u00a0 \u00e7ok do\u011fal bir \u015fekilde bu kelimeyi tan\u0131r ve ne oldu\u011funu belirler, ayn\u0131 anda onu bir ba\u011flama oturtur ve gerekli hallerde onun yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 duyguyla, kelimeyi almanca ba\u011flam\u0131nda yeniden kurgular. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7lerin tamam\u0131 beynin ayn\u0131 anda koordineli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n sonucudur. T\u00fcm bu s\u00fcre\u00e7ler devam ederken beynin farkl\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerinde, farkl\u0131 farkl\u0131 noktalar aktive olurken, karar alma mekanizmalar\u0131 da ayn\u0131 anda \u00f6zenli bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirir ve bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n sonucunda ve bazen ayn\u0131 anda sesli ya da yaz\u0131l\u0131 olarak alm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu i\u015faretleri, yine ba\u015fka bir dil ve ba\u011flamda yine sesli, yaz\u0131l\u0131 vs. i\u015faretlerine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c7eviriyi di\u011fer b\u00fct\u00fcn zihinsel eylemlerden farkl\u0131 k\u0131lan da belki de bu kompleks s\u00fcre\u00e7ler b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr. \u00c7evirmenin, zihninin \u00f6zellikle koordine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 gereken sa\u011f ve sol loblar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ok h\u0131zl\u0131 kullanmas\u0131 gereklili\u011fi ayn\u0131 zamanda bu iki b\u00f6lgeyi birle\u015ftiren corpus callasum denilen sinir a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n da aktif ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc olmas\u0131 gereklili\u011fiyle ba\u015fa ba\u015f gider.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c7evirinin yukar\u0131da k\u0131sa olarak de\u011finilen bili\u015fsel s\u00fcre\u00e7leri g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde dikkat \u00e7ekmektedir. Art\u0131k sadece \u00e7evirinin de\u011fil, \u00e7evirmenin de yak\u0131ndan incelendi\u011fi ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, \u00e7evirmeni g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr k\u0131lan karar alma s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinin \u00f6nem kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu noktada, bili\u015fsel s\u00fcre\u00e7ler de \u00e7eviribilim ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131nda i\u015ftah kabart\u0131c\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n<p>Not: Konuyla ilgili say\u0131s\u0131z \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma olmakla birlikte, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki okuma listesi de ilginizi \u00e7ekebilir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Suggestions:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.quora.com\/What-happens-in-the-brain-when-one-suddenly-switches-from-speaking-one-language-to-another\">https:\/\/www.quora.com\/What-happens-in-the-brain-when-one-suddenly-switch&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/brain\/article\/122\/12\/2221\/266932\">https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/brain\/article\/122\/12\/2221\/266932<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/future\/story\/20141117-the-ultimate-multi-taskers\">http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/future\/story\/20141117-the-ultimate-multi-taskers<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jwatch.org\/jn200004010000011\/2000\/04\/01\/how-does-language-translation-occur-brain\">https:\/\/www.jwatch.org\/jn200004010000011\/2000\/04\/01\/how-does-language-tr&#8230;<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Teknolojinin hayat\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olman\u0131n \u00f6tesinde hayat\u0131n temel yap\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131 olmaya y\u00f6neldi\u011fi g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde, \u00e7eviri eylemi hala en geli\u015fmi\u015f makineler ve bilgisayarlar taraf\u0131ndan, \u00e7eviri do\u011fas\u0131n\u0131n gerektirdi\u011fi kusursuzlukla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilemiyor. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla i\u015f yine b\u00fcy\u00fck bir rahatl\u0131kla \u00e7eviri yapan \u00e7evirmenlere kal\u0131yor. Kimine g\u00f6re hayret verici kimine g\u00f6re s\u0131radan olan bu fenomende, en b\u00fcy\u00fck gereksinim \u00f6ncelikle denemeden yorum yapmamak konusunda [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1019,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[34],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/sotranslations.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1018"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/sotranslations.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/sotranslations.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/sotranslations.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/sotranslations.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1018"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/sotranslations.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1018\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1020,"href":"http:\/\/sotranslations.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1018\/revisions\/1020"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/sotranslations.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1019"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/sotranslations.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1018"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/sotranslations.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1018"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/sotranslations.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1018"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}